Choi, Whan Bong (1996) The effect of extrinsic reward on sport performance, perceived competence and intrinsic motivation. PhD thesis, Victoria University of Technology.

Abstract

The role of performance in the extrinsic rewards (ER) and intrinsic motivation (IM) relationship was examined. Four studies refined Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI; Ryan, 1982?) internal consistency with Australian adolescents. In main study one, 147 Melbourne schoolchildren aged 13 and 16 performed 20 basketball free throws on three occasions, completing the IMI after occasion 1 performance, a singleitem perceived competence (PC) measure, and the IMI before and after occasion 2 and 3 performance. Before occasion 2 performance, half the males and females from each age group were offered, with controlling instmctions, 50 cents for every additional basket scored; controls were offered no reward, nor was either group on occasion 3. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) revealed that older children, males, and rewarded children performed better than controls. Significant interaction effects indicated that occasion 2 and 3 performance,improved for the rewarded group. LISREL path anaysis indicated that ER significantly influenced occasion 2 and 3 performance, PC, and IM, but the LISREL model was not a good fit. In main study two, 159 Melbourne schoolchildren aged 13 and 16, completed 20 free throws, PC, and IM measures on three occasions. Before occasion 2 performance, half the males and females from each age group were told they were performing in the top ten per cent. No feedback was given to either group on occasion 3. ANOVA revealed significant age and feedback condition main effects. A significant two-way interaction revealed superior occasion 2 and 3 performance and IM with positive feedback. LISREL indicated that feedback was significantly related to performance and IM. Extrinsic motivation (monetary rewards, positive feedback) can enhance performance, and intrinsic motivation.

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