Amjadi, Sajad (2016) Managing IEC61850 GOOSE Messaging in Multi-vendor Zone Substations. PhD thesis, Victoria University.

Abstract

Due to an urgent need for an international protocol for power protection and substation automation, the International Electrotechnical Committee (IEC) and Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) agreed to collaborate together to advance the existing communication protocols for substation automation system (SAS). The objectives were to achieve interoperability and free configuration in a multi-vendor environment substation. The outcome of this agreement was to announce the first edition of the IEC61850 Standard as an international standard in 2004. The standard incorporates the use of logical nodes to resolve problems related to interoperability and interchangeability in multi-vendor zone substation systems. The standard also initiated a cost-effective Generic Object Oriented Substation Event (GOOSE) messaging technology to replace the traditional copper wiring. The second edition of the IEC61850 Standard was published in 2014 which is encapsulated in a series of 20 documents spanning over ten sections. The last few years has seen numerous studies pointing to the IEC61850 as a worthwhile international standard for substation automation system. There is still, nevertheless, resistance from utilities to welcoming the IEC61850 implementation. This may perhaps be due to the lack of knowledge that engineers have about the standard and/or because of several ambiguous topics that still are not addressed in detail in the context of IEC61850. Furthermore, it should go without saying that, the GOOSE technology has brought several benefits to the power protection and communication systems in the field of substation automation. However, the lack of tools and knowledge to take advantage of the GOOSE messaging technology in IEC61850-based zone substations is tangible. For instance, in order to test an Intelligent Electronic Device (IED), isolating a GOOSE message from substation is a main industrial challenge for engineers. When an IED is isolated from live substation for test purposes, its GOOSE message is not isolated yet, and the IED under test is still publishing the GOOSE trip signal to other IEDs. In order to isolate the GOOSE trip signal for IED test purposes, each vendor implements its own method and they use their proprietary configurator tools. This means that, engineers are desperately dealing with a lack of comprehensive tool or method to isolate the GOOSE trip signal in a multi-vendor zone substation. These challenges led to the slow migration of the standard into substations. Having acknowledged these difficulties and challenges the spotlight is seemingly in the path of developing a tool or program to be utilised for GOOSE isolation and GOOSE management in a multi-vendor relay environment. In doing that, a 66/22kV Distribution Terminal Zone Substation is implemented accompanied with a SCADA centre as a model of an IEC61850-based Substation. Two bays with separate 66kV sub-transmission lines, 66/22kV step down transformers, 22kV Bus 1 with Bus Tie Circuit Breaker and three 22kV feeders per bay have been considered for the simulation. In the construction of the Substation Simulator, the aim is to take advantage of the IEC61850 GOOSE messaging technology for protection, control, monitoring and communication purposes. Hence, the hardwire connections are replaced by GOOSE signals through optic cables as much as possible. This thesis will not only provide the design and configuration procedures of this substation, but also will cover the difficulties that engineers may encounter in IEC61850-based substations systems in terms of device configuration, testing and maintenance. In order to fully understand the concept of the 66/22kV Distribution Terminal Zone Substation, it is very essential to be familiar with the structure of communication protocols and the IEC61850 Standard. This thesis starts by exploring a synopsis of communication protocols and their development over the time. It elucidates core elements of telemetry communications, structures of protocols and the significance of standards for communication protocols within substation automation systems. This is followed by a comprehensive exploration of the fundamentals of the IEC61850-based substations. In particular, it will cover the GOOSE messaging technology and interoperability in a multi-vendor substation environment. The author also addresses the difficulties that engineers may encounter in IEC61850-based substations systems in terms of device configuration, testing and maintenance.

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