Saleem, Hafiz (2018) Development of a Fault Detection Model for Cyber Physical Power System. Research Master thesis, Victoria University.

Abstract

This thesis investigates and implements a fault detection scheme for cyber-physical power system (CPPS). An un-interruptible supply of energy is the biggest challenge faced by the power engineers. Due to the involvement of information and communication technology (ICT), the behavior of the power grid has transformed completely in recent years. The evolution of the existing grid system has resulted in bidirectional power flow. That means the entities once only consumed power now can generate and send power back to the main grid, behaving as a microgrid. The grid is made up of microgrids, which in turn is the combination of different generators that are mostly installed at the consumer end to generate electrical power for consumers' own use, whilst the additional power can be sent to the grid. To manage the power systems with microgrids and bidirectional power flow, Smart Grid (SG) is developed to efficiently manage the bulk power system across the network. SG expands the existing capabilities of grid generation, distribution, and transmission to provide a system capable of handling future requirements for renewable energy generation, electric vehicles and the demand side management of electricity. SG is based on the CPPS, which is vulnerable to cyber-attacks, where an intruder can change the information sent or received from the grid. As the purpose of this study is to find the best model to detect fault in the grid. A hypothetical scenario of a hacker intruding in the SG is considered the effect of line outages on SG is discussed when there is an attack from any hacker that altered the information of phasor measurement unit (PMU). Power World Simulator is used to simulate IEEE 13-Bus and 39-Bus systems, having renewable energy generators to test the SG after line outage. In addition, two techniques i.e. Phasor Angle Measurement Algorithm & Alternating Direction Method for Multipliers (ADMM) to detect line outage are implemented and compared to find pre-outage power flow and transmission line failure. ADMM was found to be more robust and simpler to implement.

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