Supriya, Supriya (2020) Brain Signal Analysis and Classification by Developing New Complex Network Techniques. PhD thesis, Victoria University.

Abstract

Brain signal analysis has a crucial role in the investigation of the neuronal activity for diagnosis of brain diseases and disorders. The electroencephalogram (EEG) is the most efficient biomarker for the analysis of brain signal that assists in the diagnosis of brain disorder medication and also plays an essential role in all the neurosurgery related to the brain. EEG findings illustrate the meticulous condition, and clinical content of the brain dysfunctions, and has an undisputed importance role in the detection of epilepsy condition and sleep disorders and dysfunctions allied to alcohol. The clinicians visually study the EEG recording to determine the manifestation of abnormalities in the brain. The visual EEG assessment is tiresome, fallible, and also high-priced. In this dissertation, a number of frameworks have been developed for the analysis and classification of EEG signals by addressing three different domains named: Epilepsy, Sleep staging, and Alcohol Use Disorder. Epilepsy is a non-contagious chronic disease of the brain that affects around 65 million people worldwide. The sudden onset tendency of the epileptic attacks vulnerable their sufferers to injuries. It is also challenging for the clinical staff to detect the epileptic-seizure activity early enough for determining the semiology associated with the seizure onset. For that reason, automated techniques that can accurately detect the epilepsy from EEG are of great importance to epileptic patients and especially to those patients who are resistive to therapies and medications. In this dissertation, four different techniques (named Weighted Visibility Network, Weighted Horizontal Visibility Network, Weighted Complex Network, and New Weighted Complex Network) have been developed for the automated identification of epileptic activity from the EEG signals. Most of the developed schemes attained 100% classification outcomes in their experimental evaluation for the identification of seizure activity from non-seizure activity. A sleep disorder can increase the menace of seizure incidence or severity, cognitive tasks impairments, mood deviation, diminution in the functionality of the immune system and other brain anomalies such as insomnia, sleep apnoea, etc. Hence, sleep staging is essential to discriminate among distinct sleep stages for the diagnosis of sleep and its disorders. EEG provides vital and inimitable information regarding the sleeping brain. The study of EEG has documented deformities in sleep patterns. This research has developed an innovative graph- theory based framework named weighted visibility network for sleep staging from EEG signals. The developed framework in this thesis, outperforms with 97.93% overall classification accuracy for categorizing distinct sleep states Alcoholism causes memory issues as well as motor skill defects by affecting the different portions of the brain. Excessive use of alcohol can cause sudden cardiac death and cardiomyopathy. Also, alcohol use disorder leads to respiratory infections, Vision impairment, liver damage, and cancer, etc. Research study demonstrates the use of EEG for diagnosis the patient with a high menace of developmental impediments with alcohol. In this current Ph.D. project, I developed a weighted graph-based technique that analyses EEG to distinguish between alcoholic subject and non-alcoholic person. The promising classification outcome demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed technique.

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