Global Gene Expression in Skeletal Muscle from Well-Trained Strength and Endurance Athletes

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Stepto, Nigel ORCID: 0000-0002-0875-6836, Coffey, Vernon G, Carey, Andrew L, Ponnampalam, Anna, Canny, Benedict J, Powell, David and Hawley, John (2009) Global Gene Expression in Skeletal Muscle from Well-Trained Strength and Endurance Athletes. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 41 (3). pp. 546-565. ISSN 0195-9131

Abstract

Purpose: We used gene microarray analysis to compare the global expression profile of genes involved in adaptation to training in skeletal muscle from chronically strength-trained (ST), endurance-trained (ET), and untrained control subjects (Con). Methods: Resting skeletal muscle samples were obtained from the vastus lateralis of 20 subjects (Con n = 7, ET n = 7, ST n = 6; trained [TR] groups >8 yr specific training). Total RNA was extracted from tissue for two color microarray analysis and quantative (Q)-PCR. Trained subjects were characterized by performance measures of peak oxygen uptake (V·O2peak) on a cycle ergometer and maximal concentric and eccentric leg strength on an isokinetic dynamometer. Results: Two hundred and sixty-three genes were differentially expressed in trained subjects (ET + ST) compared with Con (P < 0.05), whereas 21 genes were different between ST and ET (P < 0.05). These results were validated by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction for six differentially regulated genes (EIFSJ, LDHB, LMO4, MDH1, SLC16A7, and UTRN. Manual cluster analyses revealed significant regulation of genes involved in muscle structure and development in TR subjects compared with Con (P <= 0.05) and expression correlated with measures of performance (P < 0.05). ET had increased whereas ST had decreased expression of gene clusters related to mitochondrial/oxidative capacity (P <= 0.05). These mitochondrial gene clusters correlated with V·O2peak (P < 0.05). V·O2peak also correlated with expression of gene clusters that regulate fat and carbohydrate oxidation (P < 0.05). Conclusion: We demonstrate that chronic training subtly coregulates numerous genes from important functional groups that may be part of the long-term adaptive process to adapt to repeated training stimuli.

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Item type Article
URI https://vuir.vu.edu.au/id/eprint/4612
DOI 10.1249/MSS.0b013e31818c6be9
Official URL https://journals.lww.com/acsm-msse/Fulltext/2009/0...
Subjects Historical > Faculty/School/Research Centre/Department > Centre for Ageing, Rehabilitation, Exercise & Sport Science (CARES)
Historical > FOR Classification > 1106 Human Movement and Sports Science
Historical > SEO Classification > 970111 Expanding Knowledge in the Medical and Health Sciences
Keywords ResPubID18223, microarray, cluster analysis, Q-PCR, RT-PCR, resistance training, aerobic training
Citations in Scopus 74 - View on Scopus
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