Short-term exercise training early in life restores deficits in pancreatic β-cell mass associated with growth restriction in adult male rats

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Laker, Rhianna C, Gallo, Linda A, Wlodek, Mary E, Siebel, Andrew L, Wadley, Glenn D and McConell, Glenn ORCID: 0000-0002-8572-9065 (2011) Short-term exercise training early in life restores deficits in pancreatic β-cell mass associated with growth restriction in adult male rats. American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism, 301 (5). E931-E940. ISSN 0193-1849 (print) 1522-1555 (online)

Abstract

Fetal growth restriction is associated with reduced pancreatic β-cell mass, contributing to impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes. Exercise training increases β-cell mass in animals with diabetes and has long-lasting metabolic benefits in rodents and humans. We studied the effect of exercise training on islet and β-cell morphology and plasma insulin and glucose, following an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT) in juvenile and adult male Wistar-Kyoto rats born small. Bilateral uterine vessel ligation performed on day 18 of pregnancy resulted in Restricted offspring born small compared with sham-operated Controls and also sham-operated Reduced litter offspring that had their litter size reduced to five pups at birth. Restricted, Control, and Reduced litter offspring remained sedentary or underwent treadmill running from 5 to 9 or 20 to 24 wk of age. Early life exercise increased relative islet surface area and β-cell mass across all groups at 9 wk, partially restoring the 60–68% deficit (P < 0.05) in Restricted offspring. Remarkably, despite no further exercise training after 9 wk, β-cell mass was restored in Restricted at 24 wk, while sedentary littermates retained a 45% deficit (P = 0.05) in relative β-cell mass. Later exercise training also restored Restricted β-cell mass to Control levels. In conclusion, early life exercise training in rats born small restored β-cell mass in adulthood and may have beneficial consequences for later metabolic health and disease.

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Item type Article
URI https://vuir.vu.edu.au/id/eprint/9406
DOI 10.1152/ajpendo.00114.2011
Official URL http://ajpendo.physiology.org/content/301/5/E931.a...
Subjects Historical > Faculty/School/Research Centre/Department > Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL)
Historical > FOR Classification > 0606 Physiology
Historical > SEO Classification > 9201 Clinical Health (Organs, Diseases and Abnormal Conditions)
Keywords ResPubID24361, β-cell, fetal size, insulin secretion
Citations in Scopus 51 - View on Scopus
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