Western basalt plains native grasslands, which extend from the west of Melbourne in Victoria to the South Australian border, are recognised as one of the most threatened ecosystems in Victoria (DC&E 1992). Ecosystem functions and their ability to support life are disappearing along with the remnant grasslands. The research project reported in this thesis aimed to develop methods to re-establish the dominant native grass. Kangaroo grass (Themeda triandra) in ways designed to out-compete invasive grassy weeds.