This research investigates the spread of fire and smoke in buildings as well as occupant egress. There are existing deterministic models for these. While deterministic models
provide averages of a process, stochastic models give the broad spectrum of all possible scenarios of the process giving the distribution function. The spread of smoke was first modelled by adding a noise component to the equation of an existing deterministic model. Later a deterministic model was developed and stochastic expressions derived using the Markov chain methodology. Though the Markov
chain is a discrete process, it was used in approximating smoke spread which is a continuous process. The spread of fire was investigated using network analysis. Various methods of modelling the spread of a phenomenon in a network were compared.