The psychological approach to occupational safety is comprised of two perspectives, the behaviour-based perspective and the person-based perspective. These two perspectives are typically applied separately in research, leaving gaps in the explanation of safety-related behaviour. In this paper, we argue that an integrated approach to occupational safety is required and that Bandura's social cognitive theory can be used to address this need. The paper is conceptual, integrating several bodies of literature and theoretical approaches to safety-related behaviour.