The ability to maintain maximal power over a series of sprints may depend, in part, on the resynthesis of PCr and the buffering of hydrogen ions (H+). As a result, repeated-sprint ability may be related to V̇O2peak and changes in plasma pH. Fourteen elite female field-hockey players (mean±SD body mass: 61.1±5.9 kg and V̇O2peak: 55.7 ±3.2 mL·kg−1·min−1) participated in this investigation. Tests consisted of a repeated-sprint ability test (5 × 6-s all-out sprints every 30 s) and a V̇O2peak0 test. Capillary and venous blood was sampled before and after the 5 × 6-s cycle test for the determination of lactate concentration and pH. There were no significant correlations between V̇O2peak (mL·kg−1·min−1) and total work (J.kg−1; r=0.35), or power decrement (r=0.30) during the repeated-sprint ability test. There was, however, a signficant correlation between power decrement and change in plasma [H+] (r=0.66; P<0.05). The results of this study show that in a homogenous group of elite, team-sport athletes, V̇O2peak (mL·kg−1·min−1) is not a strong predictor of repeated-sprint ability. However, in this group, there is a significant correlation between change in plasma [H+] and repeated-sprint ability.