The problem of robust stabilization for uncertain dynamic time-delay systems is considered. Firstly a class of time-delay systems with uncertainties bounded by high-order polynomials and unknown coefficients are considered. The corresponding controller is designed by employing adaptive method. It is shown that the controller designed can render the closed-loop system uniformly ultimately bounded stable based on Lyapunov–Krasovskii method and Lyapunov stability theory. Then the proposed adaptive idea is applied to stabilizing a class of large-scale time-delay systems with strong interconnections. A decentralized feedback adaptive controller is designed which guarantees the closed-loop large-scale systems uniformly ultimately bounded stable. Finally, numerical examples are given to show the potential of the proposed techniques