The paper introduces the generalised gravity theory (Tran Van Hoa, 2004) to construct a simple flexible simultaneous-equation econometric model of growth and trade of China and its five major trading countries or blocs (Japan, ASEAN-6, the European Union, the US, and Australia). The model incorporates explicitly major temporary and persistent structural change. Using latest ICSEAD, OECD and WBWT data, the paper reports efficient empirical results on trade-growth causality, trade determination and effects of shocks and policy reform on trade and growth between these economies and China over the past two decades. Based on these findings and current trade policy and economic relations negotiations, economic policy challenges are then targeted for discussion and for resolution development.