This paper will look at fundamental breach under the CISG.[1] This topic will be approached only from the perspective of the buyer. This paper does not attempt to give an in depth analysis of avoidance. It attempts to 'map the territory'. Its purpose is to assist in the development of a basic understanding of how the CISG is constructed by analysing some of the Convention's breach of contract provisions. This paper is not analytical but rather descriptive in nature, as it attempts to describe the current 'state of play'. The intended use of this paper is as a practical guide to the problem of avoidance of contractual obligations under the CISG.