Two challenges with online assessment are making sure data collected is secure and authenticating the
data source. The first challenge relates to issues such as network security, robustness against attack
and data management. The second is currently a significant impediment to widespread implementation of formal online assessment due to difficulties ensuring the identity of the person completing the
assessment. In this chapter the authors discuss technical aspects associated with keeping data secure
and the implications this has for delivering online assessment. The chapter also examines technologies
that can assist with the issue of authenticating the identity of individuals completing online assessments
and we provide some practical advice for those considering using online assessment tools. To conclude
the chapter, the authors look at technologies likely to be available in the future and examine how these
could be used to conduct online assessment that ensures data security and integrity without imposing
an unreasonable burden on user