Winter, Christopher ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2267-8747, Spaaij, Ramon ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1260-3111 and Price, Marilyn (2022) Means, mechanisms, and trends of operationalizing violence. In: Lone-Actor Terrorism: An Integrated Framework. Holzer, J, Dew, A, Recupero, PR and Gill, P, eds. Oxford University Press, 156-C12.P104.

Abstract

Contemporary lone-actor terrorism is a complex, multi-dimensional process, involving different contexts, ideologies, geographic regions, circumstances, drives, individuals, and modes of violence. Despite the complexity behind a violent incident, the outcome unfortunately is quite simple—harm and devastation to victims, families, and society. The purpose of this book is to explore lone-actor terrorism from different but complementary vantage points. One important focus is on the variability of clinical and forensic mental health concerns. In addition, this book explores other aspects of lone-actor terrorism, including law enforcement and homeland security, risk and threat assessment, geography, ethical considerations, and legal issues. Lone-actor terrorism does not happen in a vacuum. In the context of a given set of conditions, stressors, and rhetoric, many people will think about acting in some form of opposition, vocalize their disagreement or outrage, protest, and vote, in order to effect change. A very small number of individuals, however, think they have to ‘take matters in their own hands’ and act violently in order to effect change.

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